September 10, 2025 Dataset Open Access

Kern, Stefan

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  <identifier identifierType="DOI">10.25592/uhhfdm.17916</identifier>
  <creators>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>Kern, Stefan</creatorName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="http://orcid.org/">0000-0001-7281-3746</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Integrated Climate Data Center (ICDC), Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany</affiliation>
    </creator>
  </creators>
  <titles>
    <title>Landsat-1 Multispectral Scanner surface type over water from supervised classification of surface broadband albedo estimates</title>
  </titles>
  <publisher>Universität Hamburg</publisher>
  <publicationYear>2025</publicationYear>
  <subjects>
    <subject>Climate Research</subject>
    <subject>Polar Oceans</subject>
    <subject>Sea Ice</subject>
    <subject>Supervised Classification</subject>
    <subject>Satellite Remote Sensing</subject>
    <subject>Landsat-1 MSS</subject>
    <subject>USGS</subject>
    <subject>ICDC</subject>
  </subjects>
  <contributors>
    <contributor contributorType="DataCurator">
      <contributorName>Sadikni, Remon</contributorName>
      <affiliation>Integrated Climate Data Center (ICDC), Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany</affiliation>
    </contributor>
  </contributors>
  <dates>
    <date dateType="Issued">2025-09-10</date>
  </dates>
  <language>en</language>
  <resourceType resourceTypeGeneral="Dataset"/>
  <alternateIdentifiers>
    <alternateIdentifier alternateIdentifierType="url">https://www.fdr.uni-hamburg.de/record/17916</alternateIdentifier>
  </alternateIdentifiers>
  <relatedIdentifiers>
    <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="URL" relationType="References">https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/</relatedIdentifier>
    <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="IsPartOf">10.25592/uhhfdm.17915</relatedIdentifier>
  </relatedIdentifiers>
  <version>2025_fv0.01</version>
  <rightsList>
    <rights rightsURI="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</rights>
    <rights rightsURI="info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess">Open Access</rights>
  </rightsList>
  <descriptions>
    <description descriptionType="Abstract">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract:&lt;/strong&gt; In the framework of the European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI+) sea ice essential climate variable (ECV) project phase 2,&amp;nbsp;Landsat-1 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) images were obtained from&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/"&gt;https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/&lt;/a&gt; for both hemispheres with the purpose to evaluate the ESA CCI+ Nimbus-5 Electrically Scanning Microwave Radiometer (ESMR) sea-ice concentration data product v1.1. From these Landsat-1 MSS images surface broadband albedo values were estimated based on channels 4 to 7 (mostly 4, 5, and 7). Secondly, a supervised classification was employed, classifying the broadband albedo maps into open water, thin/bare ice, and thick/snow-covered ice using simple threshold values selected based on visual manual interpretation of the images. Thresholds used for this classification are provided in the metadata txt-file along with the data. MSS images have been pre-processed and quality assessed as much as possible to avoid artefacts from missing and/or corrupt scanlines and clouds or cloud shadows.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TableOfContents: &lt;/strong&gt;surface type flag (100: open water, 150: thin or bare sea ice, 200: thick or snow-covered ice, 255: land, missing data, or clouds)&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Technical Info:&lt;/strong&gt; dimensions actual: variable, depends on how the Landsat scene fits into a rectangular bounding box determined by the minimum and maximum values of latitude and longitude of each scene, something around 4000 columns x 4000 rows; temporalExtent_startDate: 1974-03-11; temporalExtent_endDate: 1974-09-08; temporalResolution: ~28 s / image; spatialResolution: 60; spatialResolutionUnit: meters; horizontalResolutionXdirection: 60; horizontalResolutionXdirectionUnit: meters; horizontalResolutionYdirection: 60; horizontalResolutionYdirectionUnit: meters; verticalResolution: none; verticalResolutionUnit: none; verticalStart: none; verticalEnd: none; instrumentName: Landsat-1: Multispectral Scanner (MSS); instrumentType: optical sensor; instrumentLocation: Landsat-1; instrumentProvider: NASA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; [1] ESA CCI sea ice ecv project phase 2 product validation and intercomparison report for sea-ice concentration: D4.1_SICCI_P2_PVIR-SIC_Issue_1.1.pdf (chapter 3.3); [2] Koepke, P., Removal of Atmospheric Effects from AVHRR albedos, J. Appl. Meteorol., 28, 1341-1348, 1989; [3] Chander, G., Markham, B. L., and Helder, D. L.: Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, and EO-1 ALI sensors. Rem. Sens. Environ. 113, 893-903, &lt;a href="https://doi.10.1016/j.rse.2009.01.007"&gt;https://doi.10.1016/j.rse.2009.01.007&lt;/a&gt;, 2009; [4] Metadata file containing thresholds for open water - thin/bare ice and thin/bare ice - thick/snow covered ice discrimination, the sun elevation angle and the used channels for 1974: 1974_NH_settings.txt&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Units: &lt;/strong&gt;1&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;geoLocations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;Northern Hemisphere: westBoundLongitude: -180.0 degrees East; eastBoundLongitude: 180.0 degrees East; southBoundLatitude: 50.0 degrees North; northBoundLatitude: 90.0 degrees North; geoLocationPlace: Northern Hemisphere over water&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Size: &lt;/strong&gt;(files are packed into one zip-file per year)&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;Northern Hemisphere: 50 files in total&amp;nbsp; for 1974; 19.1 Gbyte (zipped: 12.0Gbyte)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Format:&lt;/strong&gt; netCDF&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DataSources:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href="https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/"&gt;https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/&lt;/a&gt; [last access: 2025-09-01]&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contact:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href="mailto:stefan.kern@uni-hamburg.de"&gt;stefan.kern (at) uni-hamburg.de&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
    <description descriptionType="Other">This is a data set created for the evaluation of sea-ice concentration products derived from satellite passive microwave observations.</description>
  </descriptions>
</resource>