September 5, 2025 Dataset Open Access

Hussein Mohammed; Quang-Vinh Dang

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    <subfield code="a">&lt;p&gt;What&amp;rsquo;s new in this version: Some annotations were missing one of the visual attributes (orientation or writing implement). All missing attributes have been added in this version.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
This&amp;nbsp;dataset is structured into four components, each serving a distinct role in the development of a&amp;nbsp;document analysis system.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ol&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;
	&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Word-level annotations&lt;/strong&gt; are provided in the file &lt;code&gt;word_annotations_for_cropped_images.json&lt;/code&gt;. These annotations describe the images contained in the &lt;code&gt;cropped_images&lt;/code&gt; folder. Each entry specifies the location of a word as a polygon, together with its orientation (horizontal, vertical, or tilted) and the type of writing implement used (ink or pencil). Additional metadata, such as bounding boxes and segmentation areas, is also included.&lt;/p&gt;
	&lt;/li&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;
	&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cropped images&lt;/strong&gt; are stored in the &lt;code&gt;cropped_images&lt;/code&gt; folder. This set comprises 50 images, each containing only the primary page extracted from the corresponding full notebook scans.&lt;/p&gt;
	&lt;/li&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;
	&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Full images&lt;/strong&gt; are located in the &lt;code&gt;full_images&lt;/code&gt; folder. This collection also contains 50 items, representing the complete notebook scans in which the primary page appears alongside other material.&lt;/p&gt;
	&lt;/li&gt;
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	&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Page-level annotations&lt;/strong&gt; are contained in the &lt;code&gt;page_annotations&lt;/code&gt; folder. These are provided in YOLO format, with a single class (&lt;code&gt;page&lt;/code&gt;) defined in &lt;code&gt;classes.txt&lt;/code&gt;. Each annotation file specifies the bounding box of the primary page within the corresponding image in the &lt;code&gt;full_images&lt;/code&gt; folder.&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;Examples illustrate the annotation structure. In the JSON file, a typical word annotation records polygon coordinates, the attribute &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;orientation&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;horizontal&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;writing_tool&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;pencil&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;. In the YOLO annotations, a sample entry such as &lt;code&gt;0 0.499023 0.500776 0.777344 0.816912&lt;/code&gt; denotes the normalised coordinates of the primary page bounding box.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acknowledgement:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The research for this work was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany&amp;rsquo;s Excellence Strategy - EXC 2176 &amp;lsquo;Understanding Written Artefacts: Material, Interaction and Transmission in Manuscript Cultures&amp;rsquo;, project no. 390893796. The research was conducted within the scope of the Centre for the Study of Manuscript Cultures (CSMC) at Universit&amp;auml;t Hamburg.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
The images are taken from notebook pages of Rainer Maria Rilke, from the Deutsche Literaturarchiv Marbach (DLA), A:Rilke-Archiv Gernsbach.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;We thank Hui Xu for her support in annotating the images.&lt;/p&gt;</subfield>
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