November 1, 2019 Book section Open Access

Lozán, José L.; Breckle, Siegmar-W.; Graßl, Hartmut

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{"conceptdoi":"10.25592/uhhfdm.9411","conceptrecid":"9411","created":"2021-07-21T18:25:14.228661+00:00","doi":"10.25592/uhhfdm.9412","id":9412,"links":{"badge":"https://www.fdr.uni-hamburg.de/badge/doi/10.25592/uhhfdm.9412.svg","conceptbadge":"https://www.fdr.uni-hamburg.de/badge/doi/10.25592/uhhfdm.9411.svg","conceptdoi":"http://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfdm.9411","doi":"http://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfdm.9412"},"metadata":{"access_right":"open","access_right_category":"success","alternate_identifiers":[{"identifier":"10.25592/warnsignal.klima.die-staedte.28","scheme":"doi"}],"communities":[{"id":"klima"},{"id":"uhh"}],"contributors":[{"name":"Loz\u00e1n, Jos\u00e9 L.","type":"Editor"},{"name":"Breckle, Siegmar-W.","type":"Editor"},{"name":"Gra\u00dfl, Hartmut","type":"Editor"},{"name":"Kuttler, Wilhelm","type":"Editor"},{"name":"Matzarakis, Andreas","type":"Editor"}],"creators":[{"name":"Loz\u00e1n, Jos\u00e9 L."},{"name":"Breckle, Siegmar-W."},{"name":"Gra\u00dfl, Hartmut"}],"description":"<p>Ende 2018 lebten auf der Erde 7,67 Mrd. Menschen: 60% in Asien, 17% in Afrika, 10% in Europa, 8% in Lateinamerika &amp; Karibik, 5% in Nordamerika und 0,5% in Ozeanien. Die Weltbev&ouml;lkerung w&auml;chst im globalen Durchschnitt 1,2% pro Jahr. Das entspricht 2,5 Kindern je Frau. Bis 2100 soll die Weltbev&ouml;lkerung nach DWS (2019) auf 10,9 Mrd. anwachsen. Davon werden 4,8 Mrd. in Asien und aufgrund der &uuml;berdurchschnittlichen Geburtenrate 4,5 Mrd. in Afrika leben. Das sind 44,0% bzw. 41,3% der Weltbev&ouml;lkerung. Die Bev&ouml;lkerung Chinas wird von 1,40 auf 1,02 Mrd. (Geburtenrate 1,60) sinken. Indien wird mit 1,45 Mrd. Menschen als Folge einer h&ouml;heren Geburtenrate (2,44) China &uuml;berholen. Die Bev&ouml;lkerung in Europa wird von 742 Mio. (2017) auf 653 Mio. im Jahr 2100 trotz Migration schrumpfen. In den 1950er Jahren lag der Anteil der Stadtbev&ouml;l- kerung weltweit bei 30%. Anfang 2007 war das Verh&auml;ltnis Stadt- zu Landbev&ouml;lkerung bereits 50:50. Diese Entwicklung setzte sich fort und seit 2018 leben &uuml;ber 55% der Menschen in St&auml;dten und 2030 werden es 60% sein. In Deutschland betrug die Stadtbev&ouml;lkerung 1960 71,38% und 2017 schon 77,26%. In China ist die Landflucht weniger ausgepr&auml;gt. 2007 lebten nur 45,9% und 2017 58,5% in St&auml;dten. Mit der Landflucht nimmt gleichzeitig die Anzahl der gro&szlig;en St&auml;dte zu. 1950 gab es 20 Millionenst&auml;dte; im Jahr 2000 waren es 371 und 2018 bereits 548. 2018 war in 33 St&auml;dten die Bev&ouml;lkerungszahl &uuml;ber der Zehn-Millionen-Grenze (Megastadt). Diese Entwicklung f&uuml;hrt zu einer sehr hohen Bev&ouml;lkerungsdichte. In Monaco und Macao leben rund 20.000 Menschen/km&sup2;. In vielen armen L&auml;ndern f&uuml;hrt diese Entwicklung oft zur Bildung von Elendsvierteln (Slums).</p>\n\n<p><em><strong>The development of the world population, megacities and rural exodus: </strong></em>By the end of 2018, 7.67 billion people were living on Earth: 60% in Asia, 17% in Africa, 10% in Europe, 8% in Latin America &amp; the Caribbean, 5% in North America, and 0.5% in Oceania. The world population is growing in global average 1.2% per year. That&#39;s equivalent to 2.5 children per woman. By 2100, according to DWS (2019), the world population is expected to grow to 10.9 billion. Of this, 4.8 billion will live in Asia and due to the above-average birth rate 4.5 billion in Africa. That is 44.0% and 41.3% of the world population. The population of China will fall from 1.40 to 1.02 billion (birth rate 1.60). India will overtake China with 1.45 billion people as a result of a higher birth rate (2.44). The population in Europe will shrink in 2100 from 742 million (2017) to 653 million despite migration. In the 1950s the urban population was 30% of the total world population. At the beginning of 2007, the ratio of urban to rural population was 50:50. This development continued and 2018 already 55% of the people lived in cities and in 2030 it will 60%. In Germany the urban population was 71.38% in 1960 and already 77.26% in 2017. In China, the urban migration is less pronounced. Only 45.9% lived in cities in 2007 and 58.5% in 2017. With the rural exodus the number of big cities is worldwide increasing as well. In 1950 there were 20 &raquo;million cities&laquo;; in 2000 371 and 2018 already 548. The number of cities with a population of 10 million or more (mega-cities) was 33 in year 2018. This development leads to a very high population density in some cities. In Monaco and Macao live around 20,000 people/km&sup2;. In developing or emerging countries, this often leads to the formation of slums.</p>","doi":"10.25592/uhhfdm.9412","imprint":{"isbn":"EAN13 97839820067-27","place":"Hamburg, Germany","publisher":"Verlag Wissenschaftliche Auswertungen in Kooperation mit GEO Magazin-Hamburg"},"keywords":["world population,  children per woman, average birth rate, population of China, population in Europe, migration, urban population, rural population, urban migration"],"language":"deu","license":{"id":"CC-BY-4.0"},"part_of":{"pages":"188-195","title":"Warnsignal Klima: Die St\u00e4dte"},"publication_date":"2019-11-01","related_identifiers":[{"identifier":"10.25592/uhhfdm.9411","relation":"isVersionOf","scheme":"doi"}],"relations":{"version":[{"count":1,"index":0,"is_last":true,"last_child":{"pid_type":"recid","pid_value":"9412"},"parent":{"pid_type":"recid","pid_value":"9411"}}]},"resource_type":{"subtype":"section","title":"Book section","type":"publication"},"title":"Entwicklung der Weltbev\u00f6lkerung,  Megast\u00e4dte und Landflucht"},"owners":[215],"revision":3,"updated":"2021-07-22T13:34:09.000440+00:00"}